DNA Tribes Personal Genetic Analysis

How Do Results Look and What do They Mean?
Example Results for a Person of Latino (Hispanic) Ancestry

Comments for this sample individual: These sample results are for a North American of Latino (Hispanic) descent. To view a
sample of results in original high resolution PDF format, please click here.

Part A: Genetic Profile: Your unique genetic profile includes your allele values for 21 genetic markers distributed throughout your
autosomal chromosomes. At each locus, you have two values: one allele inherited from your father and one allele inherited from your
mother, for a total of 42 dimensions used to compute your geographic ancestry. Your unique combination of alleles is used to
compute high resolution Native Population, Global Population and World Region matches.

Comments for this sample individual: At each locus, this individual inherited one allele value from their mother and one from their
father. Each allele value is a number representing repeats of a particular genetic sequence. For instance, at locus TH01, this
individual has inherited one allele of length 6 (6 repeats) and one allele of length 7 (7 repeats). Because these alleles are passed
down independently on separate chromosomes, it would be necessary to test a parent to determine which allele was passed down by
which parent. This DNA profile serves as a genetic fingerprint for this person. This collection of allele values is used to compute a
person’s connections to individual populations and world regions.

Part B: High Resolution Native Population Match: DNA Tribes identifies your Top 20 matches in a database of all native
populations that have experienced minimal movement and admixture in the last 500 years. Individual matches do not necessary
indicate recent social or cultural affiliation with a particular ethnicity. Instead, the geographical distribution of your Native Population
Match results indicates your most likely deep ancestral origins.

Comments for this sample individual: The Top 20 Native population matches for this individual are found in European populations.
Individual scores do not indicate a person’s percentage of individual ethnic groups. Instead, they indicate where a DNA profile is most
frequent. The strongest match is with a population sample from Southern Portugal, where this individual’s DNA profile is 2,260.51
times as likely as in the world as a whole. A TribeScore of (0.42) indicates this score is higher than scores for 42% of Southern
Portuguese individuals. However, this DNA profile can be found in other European populations. For instance, the score for
population sample from Malta is 1,072.46, indicating this DNA profile is 2,260.51 / 1,072.46 = 2.11 times as likely in sampled
Southern Portuguese as in sampled Maltese.

For this individual, South Portugal would be the most likely European population of origin, but other European origins such as
Spanish or Italian cannot be excluded. However, all European matches above are blue, which indicates these matches are lower than
top global matches in Part C.

In addition to these top European matches, Native American Panel results can be added to identify the tribal populations where a
person's DNA profile can be found (to view a sample Native American Panel report, click here).

Part C: High Resolution Global Population Match: In this section we provide your Top 20 matches in a database of all global
populations, including native peoples as well as Diaspora groups that expanded from their homelands and sometimes admixed with
other populations in recent history. The geographical distribution of these matches indicates your closest genetic relatives today and
peoples whose blend of geographical ancestry is most similar to your own.

Comments for this sample individual: These Global results include not just European populations but also Latin American Diaspora
populations, who have inherited genetic ancestry from Native Americans as well as Europeans and Africans. For instance, this
individual’s DNA profile can be found in several Hispanic populations at similar frequencies. Global matches do not necessarily mean
this individual’s ancestors lived in Venezuela or Honduras, but indicate places where Latinos of a similar genetic background live
today.

Global MLI scores are substantially higher for this individual than any native European or American Indian MLI scores reported in
Part C. This is because this individual's combination of genetic material is most common in modern Latin American and Hispanic
populations where the blending of European and Native American peoples has taken place and less common in unmixed European
and American Indian populations.

Part D: High Resolution World Region Match: World Region Match measures your genetic connections to major world regions:

Comments for this sample individual: World region results provide the best general picture of a person’s genetic connections to the
world. They can often clarify individual Native and Global population match results. For instance, this individual’s DNA profile is most
frequent in the Mestizo region. This is consistent with the distribution of both Native and Global population matches, which are
strongest in Latin American Diaspora populations.

To be more precise, this individual’s DNA profile is most frequent in the Mestizo genetic region, where it is 658.98 times as likely as in
the world. Substantial scores (>1.0) also include European, Near Eastern, and American Indian genetic regions (including the
Patagonian and Mayan regions). These secondary affiliations indicate this DNA profile can also be found at lower frequencies in
other world regions.

Scores can be compared to each other to give relative frequency: for instance. This DNA profile is 658.98 / 250.73 = 2.63 times as
frequent in the Mestizo region as in the Mediterranean genetic region. This indicates that this person’s DNA is most common in the
blended Mestizo genetic region, and less common in the Mediterranean.

All scores are measured against the Generic Human Index of 1.0. Scores above 1.0 are more frequent in that region than in the
world, while scores below 1.0 are more frequent in the world than in that region. For instance, this individual’s score for the Eastern
India region is 0.34, indicating this DNA profile is 1.0 / 0.34 = 2.94 times as likely in the world as in South India.

Summary Comments: DNA Tribes results for this person provide a detailed and comprehensive picture of their Latino ancestry
including their closest genetic relatives among European, Native American, and Hispanic Diaspora populations and genetic regions.

More Information: To view a map illustrating the estimated genetic contribution of Amerindians, Europeans and Africans in several
Latin American and Hispanic populations, click here.

What's your tribe? Order your DNA Tribes personal genetic analysis today and find out.

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What's Your Tribe?®. DNA Tribes patent pending analysis is
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