Further Reading
To provide a fuller context for your personal DNA match results, these articles discuss topics
related to world genetic structure and relationships.
A New Genetic Map of Interconnected World Regions: To read a detailed overview of
DNA Tribes analysis, click here. (Updated February 15, 2010)
DNA Tribes Digest Archive: Each issue of DNA Tribes Digest explores an aspect of world
genetic relationships. New issues of DNA Tribes Digest can also be found in our News & Updates
section by clicking here. (New Digest articles are published on an ongoing basis)
DNA Tribes Digest for February 28, 2010: Shores of the Sahara: Genetic Contributions to the
Sahelian Genetic Region
This month’s feature article focuses on the Sahelian genetic region along the borderlands
between the Sahara Desert and tropical forest zone. It was here that many diverse and
influential African cultures have emerged, such as the Mali Empire of Mansa Musa, who
awed Egypt and Arabia with the wealth of his caravan and established of the famous
University of Timbuktu.
DNA Tribes Digest for January 29, 2010: Footprints of the Indo-Europeans: Basic Genetic
Contributions in Southwest Asia
Individual populations studied include: Turkey (general); Greek (Cyprus); Syria; Eastern
Anatolia, Turkey; Georgia; Kurdish (Iraq); Arab (Iraq); Iran; and Baloch (Pakistan).
DNA Tribes Digest for December 29, 2009: Generals of the Steppes: Basic Genetic
Contributions in Tungusic, Mongolic, and Turkic Populations
Individual populations studied include: Hazara; Uzbek; Kazakh; Uyghur; Altaian-Kizhi;
Tuva; Xiongnu (early Mongolian burial site); Mongolia; Buryat; Khamnigan Mongol; East
Mongolian (Inner Mongolia); and Evenk (Harbin, China).
DNA Tribes Digest for November 30, 2009: Old Siberia: Basic Genetic Contributions in the
European and Siberian Taiga
Forward: The Northern Frontier Lands of Eurasia
Europe and the Urals: Finns, Mari, and Bashkir
Near the Great Yenisei River: Khakas, Tofalar, and Soyot
Newcomers to Far Eastern Siberia: Yakut and Evenki
Summary and Conclusion
DNA Tribes Digest for October 31, 2009: Refuge of Sages and Outlaws: Basic Genetic
Contributions near the Hindu Kush
Individual populations near the Hindu Kush mountain range, including: Afghanistan;
Gujarat, India; Kashmiri Muslims; Northern Pakistan; Pakistan; and Punjab, India.
DNA Tribes Digest for August 29, 2009: Old Europes: Genetic Evidence of Indo-Europeans and
Substrates in the West (Part Two)
Atlantic Megalith Builders: Basque and North African Substrates
Near Eastern Farmers: Mesopotamian and Levantine Substrates
Northern Hunters, Fishers and Herders: Urals, Finnic, and American Indian Substrates
Links to Asia: Indian and Tibetan Substrates
Summary of Contributions
DNA Tribes Digest for July 29, 2009: Old Europes: Genetic Evidence of Indo-Europeans and
Substrates in the West (Part One)
Native Language Families of Europe
Identification of the Central Indo-European (CIE) Genetic Zone
Central Indo-European (CIE) Genetic Contributions in Europe
DNA Tribes Digest for June 27, 2009: Genetic Relationships in Mesoamerica
Seeds of Mesoamerican Civilization: the Mayan Region
Empire of the Aztecs: the Mexican Region
Bridge to the South: the Central American Region
DNA Tribes Digest for May 30, 2009: Genetic Relationships among South American Indians
At the Ends of the Earth: the Patagonian Region
Eden of the Americas: the Amazonian Region
Mountain Backbone of South America: the Andean Region
DNA Tribes Digest for April 30, 2009: Genetic Relationships along the Pacific Rim of Asia
The Japanese Region
The Ami of Taiwan
The Atayal of Taiwan
The Philippines
The Chamoru of Guam
DNA Tribes Digest for March 28, 2009: Genetic Relationships in Southern Europe
Sea of the Hellenes: the Greek Europa Sub-Region
Lands of the Renaissance: the Italian Europa Sub-Region
Refuge of the Iberians: the Spanish Europa Sub-Region
Euskal Herria: the Basque Europa Sub-Region
Beyond the Pillars of Hercules: the Portuguese Europa Sub-Region
DNA Tribes Digest for February 28, 2009: Genetic Relationships in Africa
Kingdom of the Nile: Egypt
Church of Alexandria: Egyptian Copts
Heirs of Kush and Nubia: Sudan
Horn of Africa: Somalia
Lands of the Bantu: the Southern African Genetic Region
Facing the Atlantic: the West African Genetic Region
Place of Sunset: the North African Genetic Region
Oracle of the Pharaohs: Siwa Oasis
DNA Tribes Digest for January 31, 2009: Patterns of Gene Flow through the Coastal Silk Routes
Middle Kingdom: the South Chinese Genetic Region
A Union of Mountain and Sea: the Southeast Asian Genetic Region
The Great Navigators: the Malay Archipelago Genetic Region
At the Edge of East Asia: the Eastern India Genetic Region
Home of the Dravidians: the South India Genetic Region
Desert of the Bedouin: the Arabian Genetic Region
Cradle of Humanity: the East African Genetic Region
DNA Tribes Digest for December 26, 2008: Patterns of Gene Flow through the Inland Silk Routes
Birthplace of the West: the Aegean Genetic Region
Eastern Shores of the Mediterranean: the Levantine Genetic Region
Between the Rivers: the Mesopotamian Genetic Region
Land of the Nobles: the North India Genetic Region
Heirs of the Tocharians: the Uyghur of the Tarim Basin
At the Roof of the World: the Tibetan Genetic Region
All Roads Lead to Cathay: the North Chinese Genetic Region
DNA Tribes Digest for November 28, 2008: Genetic Relationships in Northern Europe
Where Earth Meets Sky: The Altaian Genetic Region
Legacy of the Scythians: The Russian Europa Sub-Region
Western Peoples of the Taiga: The Finno-Ugrian Europa Sub-Region
Birthplace of the Slavs: The Polish Europa Sub-Region
Old Europe: The Balkan Europa Sub-Region
At the Heart of Central Europe: The Germanic Europa Sub-Region
Peoples of the North Sea: The Norse Europa Sub-Region
Isles of the Setting Sun: The Celtic Europa Sub-Region
DNA Tribes Digest for October 25, 2008: The Arctic Connection
Genetic Regions and Language Families of Siberia
Estimated Genetic Contributions to the Arctic Genetic Region
Estimated Arctic Contributions to American Indians
Estimated Genetic Contributions to North American Indians
DNA Tribes Digest for September 27, 2008: Exploring Ancestry in the South Seas
This month's feature article is "Exploring Ancestry in the South Seas," where genetic
relationships in Madagascar, Australia, East Timor, and Polynesia are investigated.
DNA Tribes Digest for August 29, 2008: Who are the Americans?
The first issue's feature article "Who are the Americans?" examines the genetic
composition of Caucasian and African-American populations in the United States and how
it relates to global genetic patterns and the history of North America.
Fifty Canadians from Four Ethnic/Racial Groups: Individuals within every population exhibit
a variety of genetic affiliations. To view world region analysis for fifty individuals drawn from each
of four North American populations, select a link below. Each study is a large PDF approximately
10 MB in size. If a file does not open, right-click the link and select "Save Link As" to save the file
and open on your desktop. (Published May 10, 2007):
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